Electromagnetic power-generator.



No. 842,413 PATENTED JAN. 29, 1907.

E. A. MILLER. t ELECTEOMAGNETIG POWER GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.14, 1906.

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ELECTROMAGNETIG POWER GENERATOR. PPLIoATIoN Hmm nn.14.19o6.

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No. 842,413. PATENTED JAN. 29, 1907.

R. A. MILLER.

ELECTROMAGNETIG POWER GENERATOR. APPLICATION FILED IIAR.14,1906.

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4 woz/nego No. 842,413. PATENTED JAN. 29, 1907.

R. A. MILLER. ELEGTROMAGNETIE POWER GENERATOR.

APPLICATION FILED MAB..14.1906.

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UNITED sra'rns PATENT OFFICE.

EILYECTFXOMAGNETIC POWER-GENERATOR.

Specicaton of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 29, 1907.

AApplication filed March 14,1906. Serial No. 305,950.

To (LH [lr/mnt t 'nm/y corwcrn:

Be it known that I, REiNiIoLD A. MILLER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Indianapolis, in the county of Marion and State 3 of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electromagnetic Power-Generators, of which the following is a specification. v

My present invention consists in an im- 1o proved electromagnetic power-generator, and .has for its object tlie simplification of the mechanism and an increase of efficiency.C

Referring to the accompanying. drawings, which are made a part hereof, and on which i5.. similar reference characters indicate similar parts, Figure l is a top or plan view of an electromagnetic power-generator of the character in yquestion embodying my present invention; Fig. 2, a side elevation thereof ,I Fig. 2o 3, an end elevation; Fig. 4, a top or plan View of the brushes and rotating contact on an enlarged scale; Fig. 5, a detail sectional view on line 5 5 in Fig. 4; Fig. 6, a side elevation in many respects similar to Fig. 2, but illusy trating an alternative construction of some of the parts and also illustrating the position which the crank, pitman, and armature-carrying bars occupy when vthe armatures are at the extreme of their strokes; Fig. 7, a top or plan view of the brushes, armature, and immediately-adjacent parts when constructed as inFig. 6; Fig. 8, a sectional elevation on line S 8 in Fig. 7 with some parts broken away to show the construction more clearly; Fig. 8, a detail of parts shown in Fig. 8; Fig. 9, a fragmentary end elevation, showing the pitman construction of Fig. 6, but with the crank in its upper position; Fig. 10, a side elevation of the same parts shown in Fig. 9 Fig. 1.1, a plan ofa double construction; Fig. 12, a side elevation of the reversing-switch in the construction shown in Fig. 11, and Fig. 13 a diagram of the ,wiring of said construction. In my improved machineI have shown a single base 21, upon which the several parts of the apparatus are mounted. Two A- `shaped frames 22 and 23 carry the shaft 24 which is to be driven, and upon this shaft I 5o, preferably mount a iy-wheel 25, and said shaft may also, if desired, be provided with a` pulley 26, from which any desired machine may be driven. Upon one end of the shaft 24 is a crank 31, and this is connected by a series of pitmcn, as 32, 33, 34, and 35, toa

corresponding series of vibrating armaturecarrying bars 37, 38, 39, and 40. These bars in the construction shown in Figs. l, 2, and 3 may be either of Wood or other insulating material or of diamagnetic metal, in which 6o case they are provided at points adjacent the poles of the magnets with armatures 37', 38', 39, and 40, so that said electromagnets when energized may exert a pulling force thereon. s shown in Fig. 6, the bars may be made of magnetic metal, thus avoiding the necessity of separate armatures; but in such case I prefer to make the pitmen of a non-magnetic material. Such a form is shown in Figs. 6, 9, and l0, where ,the upper 7o part of the pitmen consists of a block 36 of insulating material, which I consider to be a f* desirable construction. The vibrating armature-bars are pivoted, as at 41, to a suitableframe part 42 and passed close to the 75 projecting poles of the electromao'nets, as will presently be described. v'Ilhey are guided and limited in their movement by a suitable guide 43, as best shown in Fig. 3, containing a guideway for each of the armature-arms, by means of which said arms are 4guided in theirup-and-down movement and kept in their proper :relation to each other.

The pitmen 32, 33, 34, and 35 are of varying lengths' and are so connected to the armature-arms that they are permitted a greater movement than said arms themselves. As said arms stop at a uniform 'l point, where they most closely approach the poles of the magnet, and as the pitmen are permitted to travel farther and are of differing lengths, the result is that said armaturearms are lifted successively by said pitmen as they rise, so that each is started away from the electromagnetic cores at a different time from any other. On the return movement each of them also reaches its lowest position at a different time from any of the others, so that the effective pull of the magnets on the armature is distributed over a greater loo period of time and a greater portion of the revolution of the crank than would otherwise be the case, and the power of the cranks is thus more effectively applied to produce rotation of the shaft.l The amount of eective pull which can be exerted upon the crank when its wrist-pin is nearing its lowest point is comparatively little, and `therefore it is hardly worth while to attempt to exert power upon the wrist-pin clear to its lowest I IO point. Under these circumstances all of the pitmen 32, 33, 34, and 35 must have a sliding Connection, either with the wrist-pin or through the levers; but if it is desired to apply power to the very limit of the movement of the wrist-pin one of the pitmen may have a nonsliding connection, as will be readily apparent.

-As already indicated, the pitmen-may be constructed as most clearly shownin Figs. 2 and 3, each extending from the corresponding armature-carrying bar to the crank-pin, or they may be constructed as shown in Figs. 6, 9, and 10, extending one from each of the armature-carrying bars to a single member or block, and in the latter case this block or intermediate part may be compose'd of insulating material. The lower ends of said pitinen pass through holes in the armature-bars or are otherwise so connected as to have a movement in excess of that of said bars, as before stated. They (see Fig. 10) with nuts 32', B3', 34', and 35', by means of which the connection is ren dered adjustable and whereby a means of easily disconnecting the pitmen and bars is also provided. Shaft 24 is provided with an insulator portion 52, which carries a connecting-contact 51 ,adapted to intermittently engage and connect a pair of brush-terminals 54 and 55, carried by apivoted brush-block 53.

It is desirable to have a provision by means of which the shaftv may be driven in either direction. I therefore make `my brush a double brush (that is, I provide a second set 'of brush-arms 54 and 55') and either mount the brush as a whole on a pivot 58,- asbest shown, in Fig. 5, so that by rocking the brush structure on this pivot I can position it so that either the upper'or lower set of brush-arms 54 and 54 or 55 and 55 will come in contact with the commutator,

or mount it slidably, as shown in Figs. 6, 7v

and 8, which produce the same result. The latter form I regard as preferable for some reasons,as I can control it by means of a lever 61, a latch'62, and a notchedquadrant 63. The quadrant is provided with three notches, the end ones of which hold the`respective sets of brush-arms into contact with the commutator, while the middle one holds it free from both. With this construction a switch in the battery connections becomes unnecessary, as by engaging the latch with Athe middle notch of the quadrant the brushes and commutators are separated and the electrical circuit is thus broken as effectually as by a separatel switch. It will be readily understood that brushes 54 and 54 are connected' together and bru`shes`j55 and 55 are similarly connected, so as to reverse the direction of current in a well-known manner. As thecommutator embodies only a single piece of metal or conducting material, it is obvious that when the set of brushes are provided construction shown in Figs. 4 and 5, they.

may be secured in such position by any suitable means, as by tightening a ain-nut 59 on the pivot 58. In this construction a handle is provided as a means of convenient ma? nipulation.

The electromagnet is shown as composed of two ordinary spools 71 and 72, connected by a bar 73 and having their cores or poles 74 and 75 projecting a sullcient distance to cross the paths of the armature-carrying arms. These magnets are substantially of an ordinary and well-'known form except that these cores or pole-pieces are preferably somewhat larger and project some farther than is common.y This structure is shown as secured to the base 21 by a clamp-bar 76 and screw 77.

As the source of electrical energy I have shown a single cell o f dry battery 81, which is also secured to the base 21 by bands 82 and 83 or in any other suitable or desired manner. This battery is suitably connected on one side to. one end of the magnet-coils by wire 84 and on the other side to the brushes 54 and 54 by wire 85. A wire 56 connects the other end of the magnet-coils with the brushes 55 and 55. In Fig. 1 I have shown a switch 86 interposed in one of these wires for conveniene-e in throwing the current on and off. As before stated, however, this switch is unnecessary, especially where the construction in Figs. 6, 7, and 8 is employed.

In Figs. 11, 12, and 13 I show a doublel construction, in which the shaft is provided with two cranks one hundred and eighty degrees apart. Each crank is provided with a set of actuators armature-arms and each set of armature-arms is acted upon by an independent magnet, the magnets 'being successively energized and deenergized by the alternate engagement of the rotating contact 51 with one or the "other of the parts of brushes 10() and 101. In order to obtain a reverse rotation of the shaft, I provide a switch 1.02, by means of which, as is clearly indicated in Fig. 12, the two sets of magnets may be alternately connected with either set of brushes.

It will be readily understood that as many cranks and sets of actuators may be prbvided I claim as my invention- 1. The combination, 1n an electromagnetic power-generator, of a suitable source of elen- IOO IIO

Aas may be desired without departing from vmy invention.

trical energy, anelectromagnet having a pro jecting core or pole, a shaft, a crank on said shaft, a series ofy armature-bars pivoted at one end and extending across the poles or cores of the magnets, and a corresponding series of pitmen of differing lengths connecting said armature-bars and the crank on the shaft.

2. The combination, in an electromagnetic power-generator, of an electromagnet having a projecting core or pole, a shaft, a crank on said shaft, a series of armature-bars pivoted at one end and extendingv across the poles or cores of the magnets, and a corresponding series of pitmen of differing lengths connecting said armature-bars and the crank on the shaft.

3. The combination, in an electromagnetic power-generator, lof a suitable source of elec'- trical energy, an electromagnet, a shaft, a crank on said shaft, vibrating armatures con- Yneet/ed to said-crank, a commutator on said shaft and a double .brush mount-ed adjacent said commutator and electrically connect-ed to the magnet, and means for bringing either set of brushes into effective condition for the magnet 4to reverse the direction of rotation of the shaft. i s I I 4. The `combination, in an electromagnetic power generator, of an, electroiuagnet, i a shaft, a crank on said shaft, vibrating armatures connected to said crank, a commutatoronsaid shaft and a double brush mounted adjacent said commutator and electricallyY connected to the magnet, and means for bring-l f brushesinto effective condiing either set the dnect-ion tion for the I'magnet to reverse of rotation of the shaft.

5. Arlhe combination, in an electromagnetic power-generator, of a shaft, a crank on said shaft, a plurality of vibrating armatures each having an independent sliding connection with the cranklimiting the period of its action on said crank, an electromagnet common to said armatures for moving the armatures in one direction, and means operated by the shaft for controlling said electromagnet. v

6. The combination, in anelectron/iagnetic powerfge'nerator,` of a shaft, a crank on said shaft, `a plurality of vibrating` armatures each having an .inde endent sliding connection with the crank limiting the period oflits action on said crank, an electromagnet common to said armatures for moving the armatures in one direction, and means for cont-roling said electromagnet.

7. The combination, in an electromagnetic power-generator, of a shaft, a crank on said shaft, a plurality of 'vibrating armatures and an independent pitman connection between each' of said vibrating armatures ,and the crank, said pitmen having sliding engagements with their armatures, means for limiting the vibratory movement of said armatures,

van electromagnet arranged to affect the ar matures, and means operated by the shaft for controlling said electromagnet.

8. The combination, in an electromagnetic power-generator, of a shaft, a crank on said shaft, a plurality of vibrating armatures and an independent pitman connection between each of said vibrating armatures and the crank, said pitmen having sliding engagements with their armatures, means for limit-v ing the \f'ibrator v movement of said armatures` an eleetromagnet arranged to affect the armatures, and for controlling said electro magnet.

E). The combination, win an electromagnetic po\\ergenerator, shaft` a plurality of vibrating armatures, an eleetromagnet affecting said armatures, a plurality of independent connections between said armatures and the crank, which embody a slip joint, and means operated by the shaft for controlling said electromagnet.

10. The combination, in an electromagnetic power-generator, of a shaft, a crank on said shaft a plurality of vibrating armatures, an electromagnet affecting said armatures, a plurality of independent connections between said armatures and the crank, which embody a slip joint, and means for controlling said electromagnet.

11. Thecombination, in an electromagnetic power-generator, of a shaft, a crank on said shaft, a plurality of vibrating armatures, an electromagnet affecting said armatures, a plurality of independent connections between said armatures'and the crank, which embody a slip joint, means operated by the shaft for controlling said electromagnet, and means for limiting the movement of the vibrating armatures in the direction effected -by the magnet.

12. The combination, in an electromagnetic power-generator, of a shaft, a crank on said shaft, a plurality or vibrating armatures, an electromagnet affecting said armatures, a plurality of independent connections between said-armatures and the crank, which embody a slip joint, means for controlling said electromagnet, and means for limiting the movement of the vibrating armatures in the direction effected by the magnet.

i3'. The combination, `in an electromagnetic generator, of a shaft, a pair of cranks on said shaft, two sets of vibrating armatures, one for each crank, a pair of electromagnets, one for each set of armatures, means operated by the shaft for intermittently connecting and disconnecting the two magnets successively with an energizingircuit, and means for reversing the succession Vto reverse the direction of rotation of the of a shaft, a crank on said.

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one for each Crank, a pair of eleetromagnets, one for each set of armatures, means for 1n- Vtermittently connecting and disconnecting the two magnets successively with an energizing-circuit, and means for reversing the succession to reverse the direc/tion of rotation of the shaft.

15. The combination, in an electromagnetic power-generator, of a shaft, a crank on said shaft, a plurality of vibrating armatures, aplurality of independent sliding pitmen oon- [necting the armatures with tlie crank, an

`i electromagnet Common to all tlie armatures for eil'ecting said armatures, and means l'ur automatically controlling said magnet..

In witness whereof I llave hereunto set my hand and seal, at Indianapolis, Indiana, this 10th day of March, A. l). 1906.

RICINIIOLD A. MILLER; [In s] l/Vitnesses:

REINIIOLD A. MILLER, Jr., THOMAS lV. MCUEANs. 

